![]() This discovery in the apical third would include evaluating the canal for curvatures, calcifications, size, bifurcations, trifurcations, foramen diameter, etc. Scouting with small K files (6-10) is undertaken after coronal and middle third shaping with the intent to “learn the path” of the canal or “know” the canal. A lack of restrictive dentin allows greater tactile control over files (hand or rotary) as there is less chance the file will bind coronally.Įxcellent instrumentation in the apical third is facilitated by first scouting with K files, next creating a hand generated “glide path”, refining this hand glide path with rotary files and performing final hand or rotary instrumentation to complete the preparation. Crown down instrumentation allows a greater volume of irrigant to penetrate the apical third because restrictive dentin coronally has been removed allowing enhanced access for the irrigating needle. ![]() 1-3) ĩ) elimination of the smear layer with EDTA as a final rinse before obturation.Ĭrown down instrumentation is desirable and has several important implications for the apical third. 2) adequate visualization, ideally with a surgical microscope ģ) creation of straight line access to canals Ĥ) crown down instrumentation (instrumenting the apex of the tooth last) Ħ) creation of a tapered funnel with narrowing apical cross sectional diameters ħ) maintenance of the apical foramen at its original size and location Ĩ) maintenance of apical patency throughout the process (Figs.
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